1 10 5 https://theses.otagogeology.org.nz/files/original/5618d6f92d4dfd3e735b7a4557f306f3.pdf eb649742c83fdc21f12b22ee0d49c1c1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geology theses OU Geology thesis Thesis or dissertation completed by University of Otago Geology students Location WKT (WGS84) The location stored in WKT (WGS84) format MULTIPOLYGON (((180.0 -44.339562710309906,178.642311413012322 -44.335253643114314,178.614551266778079 -43.764996330785578,180.0 -43.770672694190807,180.0 -44.339562710309906)),((172.437795548386504 -46.226325799176706,170.956219220779843 -46.20943619974814,171.074125411950234 -45.18267442813459,172.367596856769353 -45.159056922324673,172.437795548386504 -46.226325799176706)),((174.235065676561049 -44.334767485195819,173.518248259879925 -44.340269274720178,173.487607941161571 -43.844918705194296,174.30335489562475 -43.819468426881102,174.235065676561049 -44.334767485195819)),((-180.0 -43.770672694190765,-179.807242288648126 -43.771462447569967,-179.764229615031809 -44.340311004463089,-180.0 -44.339562710309878,-180.0 -43.770672694190765))) Author last name Last name of the Author Hillman Project type Is it an MSc, PhD, BSc(Hons) or PGDipSci? PhD Advisers Who supervised/advised this student Gorman, A.R. Pecher, I. Moy, C. Abstract The Abstract for this thesis Seafloor depressions are widespread on the present-day continental slope along the south-east coast of New Zealand's South Island. The depressions appear to be bathymetrically constrained to depths below 500 m and above 1100 m. Similar depressions observed on the Chatham Rise are interpreted to have formed as a result of gas hydrate dissociation, primarily due to the correlation of the depth range to the predicted gas hydrate stability zone in the region. This lead to the hypothesis that a similar origin can be applied for the depressions investigated in this study. However, this investigation has found limited geophysical or geochemical evidence to support this hypothesis. The objective of this study is to examine whether a causal relationship can be established between potential mechanisms of depression formation and observations based on existing and newly acquired data. This has been done using newly acquired data from the R/V Sonne, R/V Polaris II and R/V Tangaroa, in combination with existing data sets from previous surveys in the region. A combination of multiple geophysical survey techniques have been utilised in this study to conduct the first detailed investigation of these structures. Multibeam bathymetry and backscatter have been used to produce high resolution maps of the seafloor geomorphology and to carry out automated supervised segmentation of substrate classes. Sediment samples and underwater images have been used to ground truth substrate classifications. Sediment samples have also been used to conduct geochemical analysis to assess whether evidence of paleogeochemical methane is present. Subsurface profiles in the form of multichannel boomer seismic, parasound seismic, 2D and 3D seismic lines have been used to investigate underlying structural controls such as polygonal fault systems and understand the stratigraphic framework of the seafloor depressions. Although the results of our analysis do not preclude that the seafloor depressions formed as a result of gas hydrate dissociation, neither does our geophysical or geochemical evidence support the theory. Therefore, we propose that an alternative mechanism may have been responsible for the formation of these structures. The morphometric variability of the seafloor depressions on the Otago Shelf and Chatham Rise indicates that either these structures were formed as the result of the influence of multiple mechanisms, or that they formed at different times and are at different stages in formation. Based on the evidence presented in this study, we propose that the interaction of multiple mechanisms is the most likely explanation for the formation of these seafloor depressions. Multiple mechanisms have played a role in the formation of these structures, including fluid and / or gas venting, groundwater flux and subsurface structural controls. We propose that the primary mechanism of formation for the smaller seafloor depressions is groundwater flux related to artesian seepage of meteoric groundwater, however this mechanism cannot fully explain the formation of the giant structures observed on the Central Chatham Rise. We therefore propose that in this area gas venting from hydrates or other sources may have been a factor. Subsequent to their initial formation the seafloor depressions have been modified and maintained by the action of regional oceanic currents. OURArchive handle The handle from the Otago University Research Archive (OURArchive) <a href="http://hdl.handle.net/10523/5612">http://hdl.handle.net/10523/5612</a> OURArchvive access level Abstract Only Department The department where the student is studying primarily. Geology Named locality Named locality describing the field area location. Chatham Rise Canterbury Basin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2015Hillman Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hillman, Jess Irene Tsahai Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015 Title A name given to the resource Investigation of seafloor depressions east of New Zealand Subject The topic of the resource Geophysics backscatter bathymetry Canterbury Basin Chatham Rise gas hydrates geomorphology methane multibeam New Zealand Otago Submarine Canyon Complex pockmarks seafloor depressions Seismic https://theses.otagogeology.org.nz/files/original/720b5913480765c54788eaf8dfaf1224.pdf 67e2e9b84af6ddc34e39cfe1d5a03229 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geology theses OU Geology thesis Thesis or dissertation completed by University of Otago Geology students Location WKT (WGS84) The location stored in WKT (WGS84) format MULTIPOLYGON (((168.604065738000031 -44.65767163199996,167.751644380000045 -44.624940194999965,167.810345258000098 -43.900805512999966,168.652413984000077 -43.932681799999948,168.604065738000031 -44.65767163199996)),((170.490776248000117 -43.281948238999952,170.14548814200009 -43.448229763999947,170.126603069000112 -43.432748215999936,170.10198846600008 -43.414259657999935,170.430000197000055 -43.238430539999982,170.490776248000117 -43.281948238999952))) Author last name Last name of the Author Barth Project type Is it an MSc, PhD, BSc(Hons) or PGDipSci? PhD Advisers Who supervised/advised this student Norris, R.J. Toy, V.G. Cooper, A.F. Abstract The Abstract for this thesis The Alpine Fault is a ~900 km-long, active Australian-Pacific plate boundary structure, which accommodates up to 70–90% of total plate boundary motion across the South Island of New Zealand. Despite abundant evidence that large to great (~M 8) magnitude earthquakes have occurred frequently and regularly on the fault in the past, it has not ruptured historically and is thought to pose one of the greatest seismic hazards to the country of New Zealand at present. This study adopts a multi-disciplinary field-based approach to examine fault zone structure and mechanics, spatio-temporal variations in fault behavior, and geomorphic evidence of key coseismic hazards on the central and southern Alpine Fault. The first three complete sections through the fault core of the southern Alpine Fault show that modern slip is localized to a single 1 to 12 m-thick fault core composed of impermeable (k = 10^-20 to 10^-22 m²), frictionally weak (μ_ss = 0.12–0.37), velocity-strengthening, illite-chlorite and saponite-chlorite-lizardite fault gouges. The frictionally-weakest fault gouge occurs in the widest fault core and is spatially associated with a newly-identified serpentinite-bearing tectonic mélange. In contrast to the relatively straight and localized dextral>normal-motion fault traces of the southern Alpine Fault, the central Alpine Fault is characterized by non-optimally-oriented oblique dextral-reverse motion, which causes the fault zone to partition in the upper ~1–2 km. Utilizing airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data, the surface expression of a portion of the central Alpine Fault was mapped in unprecedented detail to confirm previous mapping that shows the fault is composed of serially-partitioned (i.e., sequenced) oblique-thrust and strike-slip faults at 1–10 km-length scales, and introduce for the first time the widespread occurrence of ~300 m-wide parallel-partitioned positive flower structures. A fault kinematic analysis predicts the fault trace orientations observed and supports the concept that the partitioning behavior is scale dependent, with different mechanisms (i.e., crustal-scale discontinuities, thermal weakening, fluvial incision, sediment interaction) exerting control at different scales (< 10⁶–10⁰ m). A slip stability analysis suggests that the newly-formed shallowly-rooted faults are kinematically stable, and thus the existing ~300 m-wide zone of fault traces defines a surface rupture hazard zone where future ruptures are expected to occur. Deep-seated, long runout, catastrophic rock avalanches currently represent an underappreciated hazard of Alpine Fault earthquakes. The previously undescribed ~0.75 km³ c. 660 AD Cascade rock avalanche has an unambiguous structural relationship to pre-existing deep-seated bedrock failures. In comparison with other documented rock avalanches in the Southern Alps and Fiordland, it provides clues about precursory conditions for large catastrophic failures and suggests a mass above Franz Josef (town) poses a considerable risk. A remarkable ~8 km dextral offset of major valleys and glacial deposits is recorded along ~100 km of the southern Alpine Fault. Tight age constraints allow correlation of this event to the Waimaunga Glaciation (Marine Isotope Stage 8; c. 270 ka) and indicate a dextral Alpine Fault slip-rate of 29.6 (-2.1/+2.3) mm/yr. Ages of marine sediments uplifted to ~600 m elevation yield fault-proximal Australian plate uplift rates of ~2.2–2.5 mm/yr. A re-assessment of the slip-rate and uplift rate catalog for the southern Alpine Fault suggests relatively constant rates over the last > 300 kyrs, and potentially > 3.5 Myrs. Together, the results of this study frame a view of the southern half of the Alpine Fault as a highly-localized, long-lived, very weak locus of plate boundary motion that has had relatively constant spatio-temporal displacement rates in the latter part of its history, ruptures in hazardous large magnitude earthquakes with strong peak ground accelerations, and exerts a first-order control on landscape evolution of the South Island. OURArchive handle The handle from the Otago University Research Archive (OURArchive) <a href="http://hdl.handle.net/10523/3847">http://hdl.handle.net/10523/3847</a> OURArchvive access level Open Department The department where the student is studying primarily. Geology Named locality Named locality describing the field area location. Southern Alpine Fault Central Alpine Fault Thesis description Number of pages, maps, CDs, etc. xii, 319 pages : coloured illustrations, 30 cm. + 2 DVDs (4 3/4 in.) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2013Barth Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Barth, Nicolas Christoph Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013 Title A name given to the resource A Tectono-Geomorphic Study of the Alpine Fault, New Zealand Subject The topic of the resource Structural Geology Paleontology Geomorphology Alpine Fault Earthquake fault offset Franz Josef geomorphology LiDAR New Zealand plate boundary rock avalanche seismic hazard https://theses.otagogeology.org.nz/files/original/c3913fc0e8a861e939e73e8e152cf946.pdf 54bb4640b3a7cd270ce87b0ec0fefe93 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geology theses OU Geology thesis Thesis or dissertation completed by University of Otago Geology students Location WKT (WGS84) The location stored in WKT (WGS84) format POLYGON ((168.342612926620831 -44.852206571526672,168.364374168248531 -44.823083359511237,168.369251669719517 -44.795652876876829,168.380068071823956 -44.777513889424782,168.373512107829157 -44.759146249931291,168.359631640872408 -44.740480192815362,168.354874371693171 -44.716468337928525,168.367847993869361 -44.704611034242959,168.430516208683486 -44.740009975255305,168.433898257877587 -44.764916272375473,168.403021811182384 -44.808452745017604,168.408294015885502 -44.851537511627093,168.342612926620831 -44.852206571526672)) Author last name Last name of the Author Kober Project type Is it an MSc, PhD, BSc(Hons) or PGDipSci? PGDipSci Advisers Who supervised/advised this student Landis, C.A. Youngson, J. Abstract The Abstract for this thesis The Late Quaternary Geology of the Glenorchy District, Upper Lake Wakatipu was investigated in terms of geomorphology, sedimentary facies distribution and characteristics and Quaternary deformation. Terraces that are exposed are either due to a steplike lake level drop of Lake Wakatipu and reflect the paleohydrology of Lake Wakatipu or by alluvial plains and express morphology. A terrace-level correlation suggests the highest lake level of Lake Wakatipu of 358 to 363 m and drop of 50 to 55 m to the present level of 308 m. The indication of a zone (358 to 363 m) of a lake level rather than a line is due to a number of influencing factors such as: i) local control by deposition and erosion of a specific facies type, ii) syn - to postdepositional deformation, or iii) regional control (basinal characteristics, damming, uplift). Quaternary sediments are mainly glaciofluvial and glaciodeltaic coarse-grained gravel deposits derived from the schistose hinterland (Caples terrane, Aspiring Lithologic Association). Today the dominant modern facies is braided river facies whereas alluvial fan, floodplain, fan delta and aeolian facies largely dominated in Late Otiran/Early Aranuian times. Within the study area, alluvial fans developed at the flanks of the Richardson Mountains and the Earnslaw Massif and became lacustrine fan-deltas due to the larger extent and higher level of Lake Wakatipu. Alluvial fans are characterised by highly variable (grain size, layering, bedding, imbrication) debris flow to stream flood deposits. Fan-deltas are dominated by coarse-grained fluviodeltaic topsets and steeply dipping deltaic foresets deposited by gravity mass transport processes. Topsets and foresets are separated in most cases by an erosional surface, indicating rapid drop of lake level. Bottomsets have been not observed. Alluvial fan and fan-delta facies followed the retreating lake downvalley by incision in older deposits and development of new and lower level telescope-like fan-delta complexes to adjust to the changed base level. Smaller lakes as remnants of a larger Lake Wakatipu are evidenced by beach-pebble facies or still exist, such as Diamond Lake. Other lake deposits consist of laminated fine sand/silt layers. Alluvial and lacustrine facies distribution interfingered in many cases. Aeolian facies covers most of the inactive areas with loess deposits, usually 0.5 to 1 m thick, and causes considerable smoothing of longer exposed areas. Deltaic slopes were affected by syn- to postdepositional slides. Sets of normal faults are of small scale (fault trace < 3 m) in the head region of slides, while local thrust faults are observed and interpreted as failure in the toe region of a slide. Large scale deformation (faults > 10 m) at the Buckler Burn juxtaposed massive gravel layers against lake sediments and caused rotation of layers. Gravitationally induced failure above an inclined slope is suggested as the cause of this deformation. Earthquake shaking, associated with the Moonlight Fault System, likely triggered the deformation of the Quaternary gravel deposits. Finally, facies and deformation are discussed within the framework of the structural setting and morphological formation of Wakatipu Basin and the late Quaternary paleoenvironment. OURArchive handle The handle from the Otago University Research Archive (OURArchive) <a href="http://hdl.handle.net/10523/3050">http://hdl.handle.net/10523/3050</a> OURArchvive access level Open Access Department The department where the student is studying primarily. Geology Named locality Named locality describing the field area location. Glenorchy Thesis description Number of pages, maps, CDs, etc. 1 v. (various pagings) : ill., maps (1 folded) ; 30 cm. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1999Kober Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kober, Florian, 1975- Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1999 Title A name given to the resource Late Quaternary geology of Glenorchy district, Upper Lake Wakatipu Subject The topic of the resource Quaternary geology geomorphology Glenorchy sedimentology https://theses.otagogeology.org.nz/files/original/93312ac64a2262d0b8c7a39b29bb7f5a.pdf 1b773b333ba500b1cec6d3640ea3b4e1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geology theses OU Geology thesis Thesis or dissertation completed by University of Otago Geology students Location WKT (WGS84) The location stored in WKT (WGS84) format POLYGON ((175.716775744890242 -38.664579028232104,176.134237491884164 -38.651149828262099,176.141269840995818 -38.984659476627264,175.733074844262063 -38.991963953433036,175.716775744890242 -38.664579028232104)) Author last name Last name of the Author Clarkson Project type Is it an MSc, PhD, BSc(Hons) or PGDipSci? MSc Advisers Who supervised/advised this student White, J.D.L. Abstract The Abstract for this thesis Immediate post-c.l800a Taupo eruption secondary deposits occur on and around the margins of the sub-aerial terrace. This terrace formed in response to the transgression and relatively rapid regression of the shoreline after the products of a plinian ultraplinian eruption temporarily dammed the only outlet for Lake Taupo. Between 0.1-0.2 km3 of lacustrine sediments were deposited on the sub-aerial terrace, which covers an area of -80 km2. Over 95% of the lacustrine sediments on the terrace were deposited during the transgression ofthe shoreline. The highest paleoshoreline is marked by truncated Taupo ignimbrite which represents the limit of the landward erosion of between 2-5 vertical meters of Taupo ignimbrite. In some cases the upper paleoshoreline is marked by the presence of cliffs, particularly in the headland regions of northern Lake Taupo. Many intermediate terraces occur on the sub-aerial terrace. Three closely spaced intermediate terraces at heights of between 5-11 m above lake level occur at Whakaipo Bay and Five Mile Beach. These terraces were formed during temporary still-' stands with the relatively rapid regression of the shoreline. The thickest shoreline regression deposits occur at the tops of these intermediate terraces and are up to -1 m thick. Thicknesses of transgressional deposits also vary, with the thickest deposits occurring on steeper slopes and within fluvial channels filled by shoreline transgression. Most of the dry gullies around Lake Taupo were formed immediately after the eruption with many forming before the maximum "filling" of the lake and were either eroded, partially eroded, or partially or fully filled with the transgression of the shoreline. Dry gully formation continued after the partial "emptying" of the lake with many gullies dissecting the sub-aerial terrace and overlying lacustrine sediments. Most dry gullies end at the three closely spaced intermediate terraces. Since the formation of these intermediate terraces recession of the shoreline has continued to the present day. Several zones of deposition are identified from sediments deposited with shoreline transgression. These include lacustrine shoreline, where swash zone and beach berm are both identified. Fully lacustrine deposits include three main zones: surf to build-up breaker zone; nearshore zone (wave-ripple zone); and offshore zone. Appearance and lithofacies assemblages differ between exposed and sheltered shorelines. Sheltered shorelines such as Rotongaio Bay are composed mainly of suspension and slightly reworked Taupo ignimbrite (layer 2). More exposed shorelines contain traction, intermittent suspension and suspension deposits such as found at Tapuaeharuru Bay. The more exposed shorelines show a stronger development of , composition and grainsize variations from the base to the top of lacustrine deposits. For example rhyolite-lithic content decreases from almost pure lithics at the base of some stratigraphic sections to no lithics or 100% pumice at the top. Grainsize also initially decreases from pebbly sands to fine-medium sands from the basal to middle parts of stratigraphic sections, however it becomes coarser near the tops of sections, with lithofacies of planar bedded sands, granules and pebbles common. Within some lacustrine sediments storm deposits are identified as massive rhyolite-lithic sheet deposits. Braided stream deposits were the most common type of fluvial deposits to occur in the northern margins of Lake Taupo and in most cases were formed during intermittent stream flow and erosion. Slumping was also common, and is associated with layer 2 of the Taupo ignimbrite. Slumps were identified in sub-aerial deposits and within lacustrine sediments. Rare turbidite deposits were identified on one steep part of the sub-aerial terrace at Te Hapua Bay. The erosion of the Taupo ignimbrite by fluvial and lacustrine processes resulted in the separation of pumice from the denser rhyolite lithics. These lithics were deposited as lags in higher energy environments such as fluvial and lacustrine shorelines. Pumice dominates in fully lacustrine deposits and were in most cases floated into position and then reworked to produce planar bedded and normally graded pumice pebble units. The comparison of modern Lake Taupo shorelines and immediate post-Taupo eruption shorelines shows that sediments from the paleoshorelines are poorly rounded and have a lower crystal content but a greater pumice content. These differences reflect the transitory nature of the shoreline. Mega-clasts of gray pumice from eruption z are identified within transgressive deposits and therefore were deposited before the maximum filling of the lake. For this reason it is suggested that the initiation of eruption z occurred earlier than previously recognised. Department The department where the student is studying primarily. Geology Named locality Named locality describing the field area location. Central North Island Thesis description Number of pages, maps, CDs, etc. vi, 157 leaves : ill. (some col.), maps ; 30 cm. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1996Clarkson Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Clarkson, Roger Allen. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1996 Title A name given to the resource Immediate post-c. 1800a Taupo eruption secondary deposits and shorelines Subject The topic of the resource Petrology geomorphology sedimentology Taupo eruption https://theses.otagogeology.org.nz/files/original/d00e80706e9a110ed07f5553d03514ad.pdf 1b03d9bc0b0b43db7528ea900e7d7e50 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geology theses OU Geology thesis Thesis or dissertation completed by University of Otago Geology students Location WKT (WGS84) The location stored in WKT (WGS84) format POLYGON ((174.571375631000024 -38.829718511999943,174.571787894000067 -38.829292060999933,174.573078681000084 -38.827956805999975,174.573891301000117 -38.827098435999972,174.574120666000113 -38.826856152999937,174.574721 -38.825827148999963,174.576752353000074 -38.822345058999929,174.579821875000107 -38.816792162999946,174.581151370000043 -38.813998750999929,174.581689632000121 -38.811046034999947,174.582301886000096 -38.808733996999933,174.584740072000045 -38.80274686599995,174.587468773000069 -38.795294709999951,174.590662091000013 -38.785404680999932,174.594188973000087 -38.77394652199996,174.594854735000013 -38.771675091999953,174.59490836100008 -38.771492125999941,174.595081251000124 -38.77090196599994,174.596140914000102 -38.767284597999947,174.599947245000067 -38.757931262999932,174.602417071000104 -38.746130885999946,174.604035649000025 -38.733187331999943,174.604850490000103 -38.721148772999982,174.605256842000017 -38.71664489799997,174.608753038000032 -38.710377053999935,174.609136267000054 -38.709689847999982,174.609686251000085 -38.708632062999982,174.610807407000038 -38.70741278099996,174.612906294000027 -38.706931678999979,174.614255644000082 -38.70721389299996,174.614382348000049 -38.706841080999936,174.617884916000094 -38.707251154999938,174.618192295000085 -38.71908727899995,174.618562901000018 -38.733354334999945,174.61477306200004 -38.749191835999966,174.610192191000124 -38.769882313999972,174.610056614000086 -38.77048548199997,174.59969985400005 -38.817225827999948,174.591408690000094 -38.826747949999969,174.536070603000098 -38.890220579999948,174.488318831000015 -38.94490002799995,174.470698430000084 -38.945174397999949,174.449405277000096 -38.945502394999949,174.449279283000124 -38.945504323999955,174.449384926000107 -38.945389380999984,174.468431065000118 -38.924658873999931,174.47020688300006 -38.922427424999967,174.475695016000032 -38.915709986999957,174.498546408000038 -38.891663276999964,174.499953945000016 -38.89014089899996,174.501214858000026 -38.88922499399996,174.50246112800005 -38.888732435999941,174.504367181000021 -38.888159464999944,174.506038660000058 -38.887895508999975,174.508575208000025 -38.887631099999965,174.511405051000111 -38.887629647999972,174.513017980000086 -38.887869071999944,174.515246538000042 -38.887421609999933,174.517870906000098 -38.886848012999963,174.51984987700007 -38.885668314999975,174.539838326000108 -38.869429755999931,174.552171467000107 -38.857931675999964,174.55596408700012 -38.854095155999971,174.558467127000085 -38.850751732999981,174.560442390000048 -38.847420196999963,174.561919368000076 -38.844214970999985,174.563381819000028 -38.841272907999951,174.564551847000075 -38.839074856999957,174.567316822000066 -38.834907127999941,174.571375631000024 -38.829718511999943)) Author last name Last name of the Author Duff Project type Is it an MSc, PhD, BSc(Hons) or PGDipSci? MSc Advisers Who supervised/advised this student Landis,C.A. Campbell, J.S. Abstract The Abstract for this thesis At least four Pleistocene uplifted marine terraces occur in the north Taranaki area. These are the NT1, NT2, NT3, and an older terrace formation (informally named 'Urenui upland terrace surface'). The NT1 Terrace, correlated with ∂¹⁸O Substage 5a (c. 80ka B.P.), is restricted to the Turangi Road-Motunui coastal area. An average uplift rate of 0.29m.ka⁻¹ is inferred from the NT1 strandline altitude at Turangi Road. The NT2 Terrace, correlated with ∂¹⁸O Substage 5e (c. 120ka B.P.), is the dominant terrace in north Taranaki occurring along the entire length of the field area (Motunui- Awakino River mouth). The NT2 Terrace is the sole terrace formation north of White Cliffs and is clearly delineated by a linearly concordant abandoned sea cliff. The average uplift rate for the last 120ka was inferred from the NT2 strandline altitude at several localities: At Tongaporutu river mouth 0.27m.ka⁻¹. 10km further north at Mohakatino an uplift rate of 0.20m.ka⁻¹ was found. About 3km north at Mokau River mouth uplift rates of c. 0.15m.ka⁻¹ and 0.17m.ka⁻¹ were respectively calculated for the north and south sides. A clear trend of constant tectonic uplift rates between Motunui and Tongaporutu and linearly decreasing uplift rates north of Tongaporutu toward the Awakino River was thus found. The NT3 Terrace, correlated with ∂¹⁸O Substage 7a (c. 210ka B.P.), wedges out just north of Urenui (near Okoki Pa). The 'Urenui upland terrace surface' occurs above the NT3 Terrace in the Urenui-Onaero area and probably encompasses more than one terrace formation, but these were not differentiated. The completely dissected North Taranaki Surface (NTS) occurs inland of the marine terraces. The altitude of the envelope of ridge-crest concordance (c. 250m above MSL) is not representative of total tectonic uplift as it has been erosionally degraded by an unpredictable amount. Non-marine terraces, sometimes looking remarkably like marine terraces are common throughout the north Taranaki landscape. Four criteria were used to distinguish them from non-marine terraces. (1) Absence of marine coverbeds. (2) Excessive shore-parallel and shore-normal tilt. (3) Lack of terrace-surface dissection compared with that expected of a marine terrace of similar altitude. (4) Parallelism of the coverbed/sedimentary rock contact with bedding in the North Taranaki Basin rocks. The non-marine terraces and related landforms result from the structural and lithological configuration of gently southwest dipping sandstones-mudstones of North Taranaki Basin sedimentary rocks. Two models providing a mechanism of topographic exploitation are presented. One involves ground water sapping, the other, earthquake induced planar sliding. The latter is favoured. A 2- 4 m rhyolitic deposit occurs in the Mokau area above the NT2 Terrace. The informally named Mokau rhyolitic deposit consists of highly weathered, devitrified matrix crystal-rich in sodic-andesine plagioclase (high temperature form) and β-quartz. A common highly weathered vermicular-form phyllosilicate was identified as original biotite. Thickness and bedding characteristics infer a distal ignimbrite style emplacement. Age is estimated to be at least 0.5Ma. The Mokau rhyolitic deposit is tentatively correlated with either early Whakamaru Group ignimbrite/s or the Rocky Hill Ignimbrite. A Holocene notch feature associated with holes much like those seen formed in the modern intertidal zone by an isopod crustacean ‘S. quoyanum’ was studied at Aria Beach, Mokau. It was concluded that the notch was a 'structural notch' and hence not directly related to paleo-sealevel. The holes are not considered to be of intertidal origin, but their genesis remains ambiguous. A multifractal analysis of topography based on the model of Chase (1992) was proposed but not applied to real data. OURArchive handle The handle from the Otago University Research Archive (OURArchive) <a href="http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4580">http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4580</a> OURArchvive access level Open Access Department The department where the student is studying primarily. Geology Named locality Named locality describing the field area location. North Taranaki Thesis description Number of pages, maps, CDs, etc. xii, 177 leaves : ill. (some col.), maps ; 30 cm. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1993Duff Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Duff, Robert Oliver. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1993 Title A name given to the resource Uplifted marine terraces and some other aspects of late quarternary geology in northern Taranaki Subject The topic of the resource Quaternary geology geomorphology marine terraces north Onaero River Taranaki Region terraces Urenui River