1 10 11 https://theses.otagogeology.org.nz/files/original/366b7d6c151ed80e5a8fc6952446ba35.pdf a77378c9ef18b835fc9ce237c7d497b2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geology theses OU Geology thesis Thesis or dissertation completed by University of Otago Geology students Location WKT (WGS84) The location stored in WKT (WGS84) format POLYGON ((170.437735964000012 -43.218165718999956,170.530343838000022 -43.173938119999946,170.613950340000088 -43.133888293999973,170.647860623000042 -43.117611708999959,170.650862966000091 -43.116169698999954,170.6903778410001 -43.097177020999936,170.692535727000063 -43.09613909899997,170.712912034000055 -43.086334669999985,170.725774328000057 -43.080142251999973,170.736275657000078 -43.075084451999942,170.754290751000099 -43.066403482999931,170.787316002000011 -43.050475483999946,170.790037593000079 -43.049162054999954,170.804690317000109 -43.041949072999955,170.811206361000018 -43.038740295999958,170.825166866000018 -43.031863119999969,170.861660674000063 -43.01387,170.875494611000022 -43.007043309999972,170.899441260000117 -42.995218631999933,170.903205965000097 -42.999485708999941,170.912779908000061 -43.010334145999934,170.912951603000124 -43.010528655999963,170.9265565500001 -43.025936718999958,170.936542965000058 -43.037240791999977,170.915565524000044 -43.047658698999953,170.857962564000104 -43.07622669899996,170.852105451000057 -43.079128315999981,170.816090679000013 -43.096957166999971,170.812693708000097 -43.098637666999934,170.788201291000064 -43.110748311999942,170.704350083000122 -43.150371917999962,170.699186898000107 -43.152808032999985,170.630350689000124 -43.185246148999965,170.58122904600009 -43.208347262999951,170.573919751000062 -43.211781420999955,170.569216972000049 -43.213990490999947,170.512330294000094 -43.240683868999952,170.492952775000049 -43.249764566999943,170.489784371000042 -43.25134454099998,170.487572851000095 -43.252447246999964,170.468286022000029 -43.262060475999931,170.442099057000064 -43.275102757999946,170.421689355000012 -43.285259548999932,170.404665164000107 -43.293726095999943,170.368635107000046 -43.311628699999972,170.360440035000124 -43.302781867999954,170.356560604000038 -43.298592811999981,170.354044603000034 -43.295875734999981,170.345622836000075 -43.286778785999957,170.339323458000081 -43.279972197999939,170.333982927000079 -43.274200196999971,170.332350555000062 -43.27243567499994,170.32988604500008 -43.269771410999965,170.37662887700003 -43.247272087999932,170.437735964000012 -43.218165718999956)) Author last name Last name of the Author Wright Project type Is it an MSc, PhD, BSc(Hons) or PGDipSci? MSc Advisers Who supervised/advised this student Cooper, A.F. Norris, R.J. Abstract The Abstract for this thesis A 55 kilometre long section of the Alpine Fault was mapped at a 1:25 ,000 scale, from the upper reaches of the Mikonui River in the north, to the northern banlc of the Whataroa River in the south. Recent traces of the Alpine Fault have been identified in 21 locations, some of which yield time-averaged dip-slip and strike-slip rates. The minimum strike-slip rate north of the Waitaha River over the last c.2300 years is 8.4 ± 0.9 rnrn!yr, calculated from the offset of a stream channel across several fault traces. Vertical displacement of the extensive postglacial aggradation surface, across the Alpine Fault zone, was measured in four major river valleys. The age of surface is c.13-14 ka ( calendric ), which provides Holocene-averaged minimum vertical displacement rates of 4.3 - 7.1 mm/yr. Remnants of two uplifted major aggradational fluvial terraces occur on both sides of the Alpine Fault in the Kakapotahi River Valley, the top of the upper terrace being the post-glacial aggradation surface. Assuming a constant vertical displacement rate, the age of the undated lower terrace is 7. 6 ± 1.4 ka. Maximum dextral strike-slip rates calculated from the offset of the terrace risers are 33 ± 8 mm/yr for the upper terrace and 42 ± 9 rnrnlyr for the lower terrace. Substantial small scale variation in the strike and dip of the Alpine Fault plane .is attributed largely to the formation of low angle thrust sheets and the effects of erosion on topography and the resultant stress field. North of the Whataroa River, strike-slip zones linking offset oblique-slip segments are on a scale of 100 m or so rather than the kilometre scale which can be seen further south (c.f. Norris & Cooper 1995). Fault rocks in the footwall are characterised by Fraser Complex gneisses and mylonites, or moraine, overlain by a variable thickness of Quaternary gravel. The hangingwall consists of Haast Schist derived mylonites and cataclasite, with mylonitisation increasing in intensity toward the Alpine Fault. In Kaka Creek, where cataclasite is thrust over river gravel along a fault plane dipping 24° SE. A well exposed section of cataclasite and mylonite in the hangingwall, of at least 350 m true thickness, has foliations typically dipping 45-55° SE. Significant brittle deformation in the hangingwall is limited to within 200 m structurally above the Alpine Fault thrust, and the transition from mylonites to protomylonites occurs between c. 200-250 m from the Alpine Fault. This indicates that the zone of most significant deformation around the Alpine Fault is about 400 m wide at the surface and probably widens out slightly at depth. A band of marble mylonite, 7 m thick in Kaka Creek can be traced discontinuously in the hangingwall for about 23 km along. strike. Extensive carbonate veining of hangingwall rocks occurs in three locations, most notably in a 120 m high exposure in Douglas· Creek. The carbonate is largely dolomitic and contains quartz, pyrite and chalcopyrite. The origin of the carbonate fluid is unknown. North of the Waitaha River, a young fault scarp, cut in schistose alluvial fan gravel and moraine, is exposed in a recently milled podocarp forest at an altitude of 220 m. The scarp uncharacteristically faces southeast with up to 18 m of relative uplift on the north west side. Three sag ponds and a dammed swamp have developed along the downthrown southeast margin of the fault, the largest of which is 70 m long and contains 2.9 m of sediment. Radiocarbon dating of wood from the bottom of sag ponds and from peat horizons from a swamp which has been incrementally dammed by the fault scarp, provide a history of at least five ground rupturing earthquakes on the Alpine Fault in the past 1500 years. Ammal growth vii \ rings in slabs from 25 trees, largely Dacrydium cupressinum (Rimu), which have been selectively, felled along the fault scarp, were analysed for periods of forest-wide reduced radial growth, indicating trauma to the forest by either storms or earthquakes. Dates for four likely periods of strong ground motion since c. 1210 AD were deduced, of which three are consistent with the 14C dates and with dates derived by Yetton et al. (1998). The timing of the last ground-rupturing earthquake at Waitaha was determined as 1720 ± 10 yr AD, consistent with Yetton et al's 1717 AD Toaroha River event. The penultimate ground rupture at Waitaha (here termed the Macgregor Creek event) probably occurred at 1580 ± 10 yr AD, which is. distinct from the 1620 ± 10 yr AD Crane Creek event proposed by Y etton et al. (1998). The Macgregor Creek event, which was accompanied by rockfalls in the central Southern Alps, probably had a rupture length less than c. 100 km. The Alpine Fault has major earthquakes along it every c. 200-300 years and the time elapsed since the last earthquake has been 281 years (to 1998). Displacement on the Alpine Fault probably occurs during single large events. Empirical relationships of earthquake magnitude to fault and rupture parameters restrict the maximum magnitude of an Alpine Fault earthquake to M 7. 8-8 .2, though a series of smaller earthquakes down to c. M 7.1 are possible if segmentation occurs. For a single large earthquake, felt intensities over the South Island would be high, with bedrock intensities in Christchurch being in the region of MM7, and in Dunedin in the region of MM6, depending on rupture directivity and other seismic effects. Local soft-sediment effects would increase the felt intensity by c. 1-3 on the Modified Mercalli intensity scale. Department The department where the student is studying primarily. Geology Named locality Named locality describing the field area location. New Zealand Thesis description Number of pages, maps, CDs, etc. xx, 260 p. : ill. (some col.), maps ; 30 cm. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1998Wright Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Wright, Craig A. (Craig Andrew) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1998 Title A name given to the resource Geology and paleoseismology of the central Alpine Fault, New Zealand Subject The topic of the resource Tectoincs Metamorphic petrology Alpine Fault Mikonui River Waitaha River Whataroa River https://theses.otagogeology.org.nz/files/original/203daaad11c692ef4ff01ba6bd47f6a1.pdf d421ad951a92085726593646cf2d162f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geology theses OU Geology thesis Thesis or dissertation completed by University of Otago Geology students Author last name Last name of the Author Wilson Project type Is it an MSc, PhD, BSc(Hons) or PGDipSci? MSc Advisers Who supervised/advised this student Koons, P. Landis, C.A. Abstract The Abstract for this thesis A series of high resolution single channel seismic (SCS) lines from the Canterbury Bight are presented, that extend from the Rangitata River mouth to beyond the shelf break, penetrate up to 150m, and sample 7 (possibly 8) sea-level cycles. Sediments on the outer shelf comprise a series of prograding foresets deposited during periods of late sea-level regression and lowstand. When the sea-level was lowest the river appears to have deposited lobate sands onto the most recent foreset, building out a shore-face barrier. Rapid sea-level rise submerges and preserves these features. Periods of stillstand are observed as either elongate, locally prograding sands that overlie the transgressive erosion surface, or wave cut erosion features. During periods of sea-level highstand marine and fluvial sediments interfinger in a complex manner. Deposition in the Canterbury Bight, during the Late Quaternary, appears to be bimodal; during sea-level regression and lowstand, sediments are actively deposited within 20km of the present-day coastline and at the paleo-shelf edge. A gap of non-deposition developed and widened with sea-level fall - this encouraged the development of the regressive sequence boundary. During sea-level transgression, this gap narrowed and a marine ravinement surface developed that reoccupied and may have eroded the resgressive sequence boundary. During periods of sea-level highstand, deposition occurs at the coast where wave-action and longshore currents redistribute the sediment. I use the term Depositional Shoreline Break Point (DSBP) to represent the position where sea-level reached its minimum. DSBP features are recognised on all seismic dip-lines, and are used to determine the age of sediments and associated unconformities. A fuzzy-logic based numerical model is used to simulate sediment deposition in the Canterbury Bight during the most recent sea-level cycle. The results are consistent with the idea that the sediments are predominantly deposited during periods of relatively slow sea-level regression. I propose the transgressive surface as a seismically recognisable horizon that separates successive sediment sequences. Power spectra of topography and Bouguer gravity data from the central South Island exhibit the effects of deformation associated with oblique convergence between the Australian and Pacific plates. For cross-sections perpendicular to the length of the South Island, at wavelengths (λ > 60 ± 20km), topography correlates well with Bouguer Gravity suggesting that long wavelength topographic features are associated with, or may even cause, lithospheric density variations. Bouguer gravity anomalies in the Canterbury Basin are likely to be the result of shallow sediment density variations. Short wavelength (λ < 60km) periodic loads (topography) are only partially compensated by a relatively rigid (Tᵉ > 5km) lithosphere. Bouguer gravity observations suggest that the central South Island topography is compensated (and in places over-compensated) at depth, implying that either the elastic plate rigidity has been overestimated, or other mechanisms for isostatic compensation are occurring. A 2D numerical model allows for the consideration of distributed loads and restoring forces, thereby applying more realistic input parameters. The model that best fits seismic and gravity contraints corresponds to a broken elastic plate (Tᵉ = 30-40km) loaded with topography and a subsurface load (equivalent to between 50 and 80km subducted cold mantle-lithosphere). The accommodation of sediments in the Canterbury Basin is discussed in terms of subsidence, compaction, bathymetric effects, and elastic flexure. Modelling of thermal subsidence indicates that ≈ 93% of the total thermal subsidence occurred by the middle Oligocene (30Ma), with only ≈ 193m since then. For regions where the dominant mode of sediment deposition is progradation, petroleum well data are likely to overestimate subsidence rates. The load of the Neogene sediment body resulted in ≈395m compaction of sediments at the Clipper 1 petroleum well (4507 total compacted thickness). Elastic flexure of the Canterbury Basin, by emplacement of the Neogene sediment load, is determined considering two conceptual models; the first considers a single load, the second, a stacked sequence of prograding clinoforms. The flexural model that best fits gravity and seismic control corresponds with a broken plate (Tᵉ = 30km) loaded with topography, subsurface load (equivalent to 50km subducted cold mantle-lithosphere) and the Neogene sediment package. The present-day Moho relief is determined assuming that, by the early Miocene (20Ma), the central South Island and Canterbury Basin lithosphere had reached a state of isostatic equilibrium, and that the Moho relief would reflect bathymetry at that time. Present-day Moho relief is the combination of paleo-Moho relief and best-fit elastic flexure. The results indicate a ≈ 3.4° westward dipping Moho. OURArchive handle The handle from the Otago University Research Archive (OURArchive) <a href="http://hdl.handle.net/10523/5850">http://hdl.handle.net/10523/5850</a> OURArchvive access level Open Access Department The department where the student is studying primarily. Geology Named locality Named locality describing the field area location. Canterbury Basin Thesis description Number of pages, maps, CDs, etc. 157 leaves : ill., maps ; 30 cm. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1998Wilson Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Wilson, David, 1967- Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1998 Title A name given to the resource Canterbury basin : a geophysical and stratigraphic investigation Subject The topic of the resource geophysics geophysics stratigraphy https://theses.otagogeology.org.nz/files/original/87f9b1e4e92c722bf1f92905985ae699.pdf e76591e5469b14b7b61f38b73dd62670 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geology theses OU Geology thesis Thesis or dissertation completed by University of Otago Geology students Location WKT (WGS84) The location stored in WKT (WGS84) format POLYGON ((168.831261141000027 -44.213444908999975,168.835966985000027 -44.211169472999984,168.837397849000013 -44.210477526999966,168.971949801000051 -44.145255500999951,168.975444653000068 -44.095897297999954,168.996389043000022 -44.085508339999933,169.060758623000083 -44.087673495999979,169.089717958000051 -44.08863441799997,169.123992173000033 -44.071829357999945,169.1288160900001 -44.069462517999966,169.132357976000094 -44.067724447999979,169.191659522000123 -44.038592115999961,169.208010961000014 -44.030548735999957,169.218404713000041 -44.025433595999971,169.257739900000047 -44.006621885999948,169.306117464000067 -43.983373047999976,169.357463751000068 -43.985059281999952,169.361623332000022 -43.985194857999943,169.408785880000096 -43.986721358999944,169.419101118000071 -43.987052648999963,169.416380691000086 -44.031943015999957,169.416190346000121 -44.034922996999967,169.414954265000119 -44.054266764999966,169.404238293000049 -44.063005949999933,169.403102476000072 -44.063932028999943,169.391216542000052 -44.073620717999972,169.3882049770001 -44.076074855999934,169.383020937000083 -44.080298683999956,169.32980258300006 -44.123610570999972,169.29791190800006 -44.149522094999952,169.291817259000027 -44.154470422999964,169.285721928000044 -44.159418135999942,169.285368260000041 -44.159900960999948,169.281962376000024 -44.164550166999959,169.256673733000071 -44.199044041999969,169.244752081000115 -44.215289199999972,169.239071480000121 -44.222835035999935,169.23260317800009 -44.231424481999966,169.201767268000026 -44.272332432999974,169.184939463000092 -44.294628917999944,169.135429688000045 -44.292974447999939,169.076457326000082 -44.290975346999971,169.054083729000013 -44.290208813999982,168.989226759000076 -44.287961639999935,168.939243951000094 -44.286204317999932,168.922482107000064 -44.285610021999958,168.781057922000059 -44.280496356999947,168.781452359000014 -44.274378041999967,168.78278905600007 -44.253633466999986,168.783903684000052 -44.236322978999965,168.831261141000027 -44.213444908999975)) Author last name Last name of the Author White Project type Is it an MSc, PhD, BSc(Hons) or PGDipSci? PhD Advisers Who supervised/advised this student Norris, R.J. Cooper, A.F. Abstract The Abstract for this thesis The Siberia Fault Zone (SFZ) is a 35-40 km long, NE-striking, steeply NW-dipping structure extending from the head of the Wilkin River to Haast Pass in northwest Otago, New Zealand. Country rocks are mainly Mesozoic greenschist facies Haast Schist of both Torlesse terrane and Aspiring lithological association affinities. Mapping in the schist identified a progressive east to west increase in metamorphic grade, from chlorite zone to a maximum of garnet-peristerite zone immediately SE of the SFZ. Metamorphic grade of rocks on the NW side of the fault is equivalent to biotite zone. Juxtaposition of different metamorphic grade rocks across the fault is first order evidence for a net SE-side-up component of displacement. The SFZ is not a direct continuation of the northerly trending Moonlight Fault (MF), as previously supposed, but it is appropriately regarded as part of the larger Moonlight Fault System (MFS). The MF itself was re-interpreted as contiguous with the post-metamorphic Castalia Antiform. The SFZ consists of two main, subparallel sections linked by a leftstepping jog, within which several shorter fault strands are arranged in a pinnate-like geometry. Splitting and north eastward attenuation of the fault zone near Haast Pass coincides with an increase in the number of subsidiary structures in the area, in particular a suite of E-W striking dextral oblique-slip faults which partly facilitate right-stepping of the SFZ, through the Keystone, to link with the dextral strike-slip Haast River Fault (HRF). Net-slip on the SFZ was dextral oblique. An estimated 3.5 ± 1.5 km component of dextral strike-slip, based on offset of the biotite isograd in the Blue River-Howe Creek area, is a minimum because the total displacement also includes a component of SE-side-up dip-slip displacement. This sense of throw produces a sinistral separation of the isograds which partly counteracts the dextral separation due to dextral strike-slip. Minimum throw on the northeastern section of the fault zone was 1-3 km. Slip on the fault zone was modelled as rotational, with the magnitude of the dip-slip component increasing to the SW at the expense of the strike-slip component. Throw on the SW section of the fault could be > 5 km. Timing of activity on the ~,FZ was constrained, by mutual cross-cutting relationships with the carbonatitic Alpine lamprophyre dyke swarm, to between 28-20 Ma. There are no constraints on whether the fault zone was active before ~30 Ma, but all dykes involved with the SFZ are deformed to a greater or lesser degree indicating that movement probably continued after 20 Ma. Despite the very strong topographic and geomorphologic expression of the SFZ, there is no evidence for Recent faulting, and the fault zone is unlikely to have been active since the late Miocene (i.e. after ~5 Ma). The SFZ and HRF, together with structural lineaments defined by the NE-SW flowing Clarke and Landsborough Rivers, and the Main Divide Fault Zone (MDFZ) near Mt Cook, were interpreted to comprise a related series of right-stepping fault zones which exert a structural control on the position of the Main Divide of the Southern Alps. 11 The overall dextral oblique-slip character of the SFZ means that the central left-stepping section of the fault zone was principally an anti-dilational jog, whereas the northeastern rightstepping section of the fault zone was principally a dilational jog. Fault rocks along selected sections of the fault zone, notably within the left- and right-stepping jogs, have been intensely altered by flux of a C02, Na, Ca, Fe-bearing fluid. Carbon and oxygen isotope ratios, trace element geochemistry, and fault rock replacement mineralogy indicate that the alteration is a form of fenitisation, like that associated with Alpine dyke swarm carbonatites. Unaltered, or only weakly altered, fault rocks preserve microstructural evidence of mixed grain-scale deformation mechanisms. A large proportion of the fault rocks are foliated cataclasites, within which deformation was dominated by cataclastic flow, but textures preserved in quartzose porphyroclasts testify to the early importance of crystal plastic deformation mechanisms. Locally abundant pseudotachylyte veins interlaced with foliated cataclasites occur preferentially on sections of the fault zone where it splits or jogs. Thus, longer-term, macroscopically ductile, aseismic cataclastic flow was episodically punctuated by very short-term, macroscopically brittle seismic events. Microstructures in quartz, feldspar and phyllosilicates, as well as greenschist facies assemblages in the fault rocks, imply temperatures during deformation of 250° -300°C. Assuming a geothermal gradient of 20-25oC/km, this corresponds to a depth of 10-15 km, close to the base of the seismogenic zone. The fault has been exhumed from these depths since c. 20 Ma, with little high-level overprinting of the mid-crustal fault rock fabrics. The timing and kinematics of movement on the SFZ are consistent with this structure playing a significant role in accommodating regional strain during inception and propagation of the Alpine Fault. The SFZ, MF and other Cenozoic structures were integrated with a kinematic model for distributed deformation during development of the mid Cenozoic to present-day plate boundary zone through southern New Zealand. Identifying the structures which were active during development of the Pacific-Australia plate boundary is important because internal deformation of the Pacific and Australian plates is not often allowed for in plate tectonic calculations. The results of this study show that it is both feasible and necessary to allow for distributed strain when making plate reconstructions. Department The department where the student is studying primarily. Geology Named locality Named locality describing the field area location. Northwest Otago South Westland Thesis description Number of pages, maps, CDs, etc. 1 v. (various pagings) : ill. (some col.), maps ; 30 cm. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1998White Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource White, Stephen, 1942- Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1998 Title A name given to the resource Mid-Cenozoic Siberia fault zone (SFZ) in northwest Otago, New Zealand and a study of greenschist facies metamorphism in the Haast schist Subject The topic of the resource Cenozoic geology Metamorphic geology Structural geology Alpine Dyke Swarm cataclasis exhumation Haast Schist Moonlight Tectonic zone plate boundary kinematics Siberia Fault zone uplift https://theses.otagogeology.org.nz/files/original/6e9eadee74787227594ebe1123f1773c.pdf aecfdeac5a77ca22864d1548135f01dc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geology theses OU Geology thesis Thesis or dissertation completed by University of Otago Geology students Location WKT (WGS84) The location stored in WKT (WGS84) format POLYGON ((172.716736761006729 -41.155559532504164,172.718705360389208 -41.063804024854349,172.800073874066499 -40.971020324621961,172.888121206627318 -40.972331109753284,172.87922087392019 -41.110560301967482,172.837356266688488 -41.155197151945345,172.716736761006729 -41.155559532504164)) Author last name Last name of the Author Page Project type Is it an MSc, PhD, BSc(Hons) or PGDipSci? MSc Advisers Who supervised/advised this student Landis, C.A. Lee, D.E. Abstract The Abstract for this thesis This thesis describes the geology of a ninety square kilometre area centred around Hailes Knob, northwest Nelson, South Island, New Zealand. The area lies within the Eastern Sedimentary Belt of the Takaka Terrane, in the Western Province. It incorporates part oftwo north-south trending fault bound units recognised in the Eastern Sedimentary Belt- the Takaka Gorge Slice and the Pikikiruna Slice. The Wangapeka Formation (pelagic mudstone) and Arthur Marble 2 (basinallimestone) ofthe Mount . Arthur Group and the Hailes Quartzite (basinal to shallow-marine sandstone) of the Ellis Group form the Paleozoic marine sedimentary sequence in both the Takaka Gorge and Pikikiruna Slices but have different stratigraphic relationships in each slice. The differing internal stratigraphy of the two slices reflects a period of varied depositional environments and suggests that a facies change occurred within the Eastern Sedimentary Belt in late Ordovician time. The sediments accumulated off the coast of Gondwana during the Ordovician-Silurian as an upward-shallowing sedimentary pile, largely in a basin-slope environment, within a passive margin setting. Three periods of deformation in the Silurian-Devonian (i.e. between 420 and 367 Ma), folded and refolded the Paleozoic rocks, more or less coaxially, about axes lying in the N-NW/S-SE sector (in the Takaka Gorge Slice) and the NNE-SSW sector (in the Pikikiruna Slice) into a series of recumbent folds, some thrust-bound. Associated metamorphism which peaked during Dz strongly recrystallised parts of the Arthur Marble 2, and created the Pikikiruna and Onekaka Schists. Two formations of the mafic-ultramafic Riwaka Complex, which intruded the Riwaka Syncline in the Late Devonian, are recognised in the field area, - the Campbell Gabbro and Brooklyn Diorite. A boudinaged east-west trending, ?Late Triassic, peralkaline dyke - the Sams Creek Granite, intrudes the metasedimentary sequence in the Takaka Gorge Slice. The bryozoan-molluscan-rich Takaka Limestone began accumulating in the field area in the Waitakian as a result of marine transgression associated with the peak development of the Late Eocene-Miocene Challenger Rift System when the northern and southern segments linked over northwest Nelson. Eight facies are recognised in the Takaka Limestone, ranging from mixed siliciclastic and carbonate sediments to 'purer' limestone. Takaka Limestone was gradationally overlain by Tarakohe Mudstone in the middle to late Altonian, when marine regression commenced. The upper levels of the Tarakohe Mudstone contain a sparse but diverse molluscan assemblage with several new species. The overlying shallowmarine Waitui Sandstone indicates that marine regression continued through the Southland Series, with the source area for sediment becoming increasingly proximal. By the Waiauan Stage the field area, and much of northwest Nelson, was emergent. In the late Miocene east-w~st compressional tectonics associated with the Kaikoura Orogeny commenced. Late Miocene--Pliocene reverse motion on the Karamea-Pisgah-Pikikiruna Fault System uplifted the Pikikiruna and Arthur Ranges. Compression folded the sediments in the upper Takaka Valley into a synclinal fold -the Upper Takaka Syncline, and the Waipounamu erosion surface on Barron Flat was tilted to dip at approximately 10° east. Field evidence shows the range-front fault in the study area -the Pisgah Fault, is a fault zone creating stratigraphic inversions in the Paleozoic and Cenozoic sequence. Late Miocene, initial rapid uplift on the Pisgah Fault emplaced a partly gravity-driven thin skinned thrust sheet of Arthur Marble 2 westward unconformably over the Waitui Sandstone. The remnants of this deposit occur as a sheet of Arthur Marble 2 'mosaic-rubble breccia'. Pliocene dextral displacement on the Karamea Fault juxtaposed the "zone B" Arthur Marble 2 of Hoary Head, and the Onekaka Schist and Riwaka Complex to the east, against "zone A" Arthur Marble 2, having dextrally offset the northern continuation of these formations by 5 km to the northeast. Late Cenozoic deposits are restricted to almost unweathered proglacial river gravels underlying the two terraces in Upper Takaka depression, assigned to the Otiran glaciation, and localised active and calcitecemented, inactive, marble 'mixed breccia' scree deposits mantling the base of the Pisgah Fault Scarp south of Upper Takaka. Department The department where the student is studying primarily. Geology Named locality Named locality describing the field area location. Hailes Knob North-west Nelson Thesis description Number of pages, maps, CDs, etc. xix, 247 leaves : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ; 30 cm. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1998Page Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Page, Diana Jane, 1972- Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1998 Title A name given to the resource Geology of the Hailes Knob area, northwest Nelson, New Zealand Golden Bay Takaka Limestone https://theses.otagogeology.org.nz/files/original/2c6a2178f020432efd5a0981051d667f.pdf da0a791e4262f9e5aade0eb50b02553e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geology theses OU Geology thesis Thesis or dissertation completed by University of Otago Geology students Location WKT (WGS84) The location stored in WKT (WGS84) format POLYGON ((168.241420761000086 -46.558084479999934,168.228468796000016 -46.557569936999982,168.227368622000085 -46.557525779999935,168.228399821000039 -46.543594594999945,168.229578571000047 -46.543632895999963,168.236634082000023 -46.543870775999949,168.242579599000123 -46.544068310999933,168.274727274000043 -46.545129520999978,168.273646543000041 -46.559365045999982,168.271143324000036 -46.559265550999953,168.268067209000037 -46.559143208999956,168.262250297000037 -46.558911635999948,168.241420761000086 -46.558084479999934)) Author last name Last name of the Author O'Loughlin Project type Is it an MSc, PhD, BSc(Hons) or PGDipSci? BSc(Hons) Advisers Who supervised/advised this student Reay, A. Abstract The Abstract for this thesis Exposed along a three kilometre stretch of coastline on the southern extremities of the South Island, New Zealand are a suite of calc-alkaline to tholeiitic ultramafic and gabbroic rocks which form the southern portion of the Greenhills Ultramafic Complex (GUC). This complex consists of a layered series of dunite, wehrlite, olivine-clinopyroxenite and gabbro of Earliest Triassic age (247Ma), which intrude Lower Permian meta-sedimentary lithologies of the Greenhills Group. Accompanying the intrusion of the complex is a narrow contact metamorphic aureole which decreases rapidly in grade from pyroxene-hornfels facies metamorphism, directly adjacent to the body, to regional prehnite-pumpellyite facies metamorphism, with distance from the contact. The layered series of the GUC is stratigraphically divisible into an upper gabbroic portion of both non-cumulate and cumulate gabbroic rocks, and a lower ultramafic portion of dunite, wehrlite and olivine-clinopyroxenite. The lower ultramafic portion shows well-developed accumulate structures and textures that are typical of stratiform cumulate intrusions. Widespread slumping in the layered series in addition to discrete zones of intense brecciation, faulting, and multiple phases of dyke injection indicate recurring conditions of instability during the evolution of the complex. Textural, mineralogical, and chemical evidence suggests that two gabbro suites comprise the upper gabbroic portion. Namely, a cumulate suite (Shipwreck Gabbro) that is closely related to the lower ultramafic portion, and a non-cumulate (Barracouta Point Gabbro) suite, which is thought to have crystallised from a mixed magma. Whole rock chemistry of the layered series indicates a clear magmatic fractionation trend through dunite to gabbro, consistent with chemical fractionation from a basaltic parental magma. This trend is characterised by a systematic decrease in magnesium content with a concordant increase in silica, aluminium, calcium, and alkalis. A similar fractionation trend is exhibited by the evolution of the primary mineral phases olivine, clinopyroxene and plagioclase through the layered series. The theory that the GUC may have been derived by dry partial melting of the mantle wedge is supported by the similarity in trace element chemistry between the GUC and N-type Mid Ocean Ridge Basalt (MORB). Similarly, the trace element chemistry correlates well with recent basalts and basaltic andesites from the Tonga-Kermadec Island Arc, indicating that present day active ocean-ocean island arc subduction zones may serve as closely representative models for the evolution of remnant arcs such as that inferred for the GUC. The development of a strong tholeiitic to calc-alkaline island arc chemistry in the GUC is typical for magmatic bodies throughout the Brook Street Terrane, which are thought to represent the remnant of an ancient island arc system. A comparison of chemistry between the GUC and that of the Blashke Islands Alaskan-type intrusion from SE Alaska, indicates that these two bodies have been de1ived by fractional crystallisation of a closely similar parental magma, and thus, the GUC can be classified as a Alaskan-type Intrusion. The Greenhills Ultramafic Complex was produced as the result of crystal settling during fractional crystallisation of a basaltic parental magma produced by dry melting of the mantle wedge in an ocean-ocean island arc subduction zone. Modification of the layered body by magmatic slumping, mingling and brecciation and faulting depict recurring conditions of instability within the pluton which is considered typical of island arc subduction zones. OURArchive handle The handle from the Otago University Research Archive (OURArchive) <a href="http://hdl.handle.net/10523/5630">http://hdl.handle.net/10523/5630</a> OURArchvive access level Open Access Department The department where the student is studying primarily. Geology Named locality Named locality describing the field area location. Bluff Southland Thesis description Number of pages, maps, CDs, etc. 115 leaves : ill., maps ; 30 cm. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1998OLoughlin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource O'Loughlin, Benjamin, 1977- Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1998 Title A name given to the resource Geology of the southern portion of the Greenhills ultramafic complex Subject The topic of the resource Igneous petrology Bluff Peninsula Greenhills Complex layered intrusions ultramafics https://theses.otagogeology.org.nz/files/original/588a044dab29332ee0945afdf472c8e5.pdf 8d776a389bd118c628e2123d421f40f9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geology theses OU Geology thesis Thesis or dissertation completed by University of Otago Geology students Location WKT (WGS84) The location stored in WKT (WGS84) format POLYGON ((170.364069911000115 -44.67238815199994,170.35812077200012 -44.684557541999936,170.345738195000081 -44.674997219999966,170.358323602000041 -44.669381125999962,170.360409079000078 -44.668451459999972,170.364680724000095 -44.671136890999946,170.364069911000115 -44.67238815199994)) Author last name Last name of the Author McDermid Project type Is it an MSc, PhD, BSc(Hons) or PGDipSci? BSc(Hons) Advisers Who supervised/advised this student Fordyce, R.E. Abstract The Abstract for this thesis Oligocene and Neogene strata at Wharekuri Creek, Waitaki Valley, North Otago record a transgressive-regressive marine sequence, lacustrine and braided river deposits. Marine strata include three calcareous, glauconitic, fossiliferous marine units: Wharekuri Greensand (Lower Whaingaroan); Kokoamu Greensand/Kekenodon Beds (Upper WhaingaroanDuntroonian); and Otekaike Limestone (Duntroonian-?Waitakian). The Kokoamu Greensand is separated from Wharekuri Greensand by a bored surface, Fordyce and Watson (1998) interpreted this as the mid-Oligocene unconformity, which Fulthorpe et al. (1996) correlated with a global eustatic sea level fall. The Wharekuri Creek marine rocks contain members of the stratigraphically important pectinid bivalve lineage Janupecten-Lentipecten. Here,Janupecten show progressive reduction in sculpture leading to evolution of smooth-shelled Lentipecten. The evolution to smooth valves indicates enhanced level-swimming ability. Deposition of the coarsening upward Southburn Sand {Early? Miocene), following the Otekaike Limestone, represents a transition to a near shore environment. The Waitangi Coal Measures (Middle?-Late? Miocene), which may overlie the Southburn Sand unconformably, are tentatively placed within the Manuherikia Group of Central Otago, because they also represent a deltaiclacustrine succession of peat, laminated muds, clays, and sands. Following accumulation of the coal measures at Wharekuri Creek, the Kurow Gravels were deposited as longitudinal bars in a braided river system. The name Kurow Group is not used here, because the name Kurow Gravels takes priority. Late Cenozoic faulting, presumably associated with development of the Southern Alps, has deformed the sedimentary sequence at Wharekuri Creek. The Kokoamu Greensand is juxtaposed against the Southburn Sand by the Waitangi Fault and the Southburn Sand is faulted against the Waitangi Coal Measures. The Wharekuri Fault has uplifted semi-schist basement of the Haast Schist Group against the Waitangi Coal Measures and the Kurow Gravels. Gravels and angular debris from the St Marys Range cover much of the area so that it is not possible to see crosscutting relationships which may indicate the sequence of faulting. Department The department where the student is studying primarily. Geology Named locality Named locality describing the field area location. Wharekuri Creek Thesis description Number of pages, maps, CDs, etc. 131 p. : ill. (some col., one folded), maps ; 30 cm. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1998McDermid Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource McDermid, Isabella (Isabella Rose Cross), 1975- Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1998 Title A name given to the resource Geology of Wharekuri Creek Subject The topic of the resource Lithostratigraphy Duntroonian Kokoamu Greensand Manuherikia Group Otago Otekaike Limestone Waitakian Whaingaroan Wharekuri Greensand https://theses.otagogeology.org.nz/files/original/1325cdcc4fcc1d572bbf6a5ef3c62729.pdf bfa5b3a3b7ce1502e04c5412b164f16b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geology theses OU Geology thesis Thesis or dissertation completed by University of Otago Geology students Location WKT (WGS84) The location stored in WKT (WGS84) format POLYGON ((168.752979302819625 -45.49183244407876,168.754182038775724 -45.484851310405276,168.807985190354685 -45.487556573786726,168.807075950679177 -45.499788723572536,168.772976211993125 -45.539017975379565,168.761200160058507 -45.540128896788019,168.743537732600345 -45.538399186185771,168.700184753509944 -45.511407800176571,168.752979302819625 -45.49183244407876)) Author last name Last name of the Author Kerr Project type Is it an MSc, PhD, BSc(Hons) or PGDipSci? MSc Advisers Who supervised/advised this student Craw, D. Norris, R.J. Abstract The Abstract for this thesis Trollheim type alluvial deposition of locally derived gravels, reworked from preQuaternary placers in the Nokomai catchment, produced economic lags of gold at unconformities in the Quaternary sequence. Heavy mineral proportions, occurrence, and composition are indicative of a Central Otago provenance. Individual heavy, metamorphic minerals such as magnetite, clinozoiste, and garnet, are formed during greenschist facies metamorphism and therefore cannot by furnished by the basement rocks exposed in the Nokomai catchment. Nokomai basement rocks are part of the Caples Terrane which has been metamorphosed to sub-greenschist facies and is strained to textural zone IIA-IIB. The Nokomai catchment lies astride the Nevis-Cardrona Fault System (NCFS) in which most movement is accon@lated by a reverse, right-lateral, oblique fault (Garvie Fault). c) Associated with the fault are folds oblique and parallel to the fault system (Steeple Antiform and Slate Range Antiform -respectively). These Pliocene-Quaternary folds are superimposed upon two generations of Mesozoic folding, the Taieri-Wakatipu Synform and isoclinal folding associated with terrane accretion. The Nokomai Fault Zone is currently active on the Garvie and Moa Faults and, in contrast to the northward NCFS, is up to the east on eastwardly dipping structures. Au-bearing Quartz veins have been exposed and Commissioners Reef, the largest of these veins, was historically worked for small production. Commissioners Reef is the product of at least two kinematic styles, strike-slip and normal dip-slip. Arsenopyrite analyses suggested a foramtion temperature of 270±100°C and fluid inclusion studies were inconclusive. Department The department where the student is studying primarily. Geology Named locality Named locality describing the field area location. Nokomai Southland Thesis description Number of pages, maps, CDs, etc. xviii, 230 leaves : ill. (some col.), maps (some folded) ; 30 cm. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1998Kerr Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kerr, Luke Charles. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1998 Title A name given to the resource Nokomai geology : an investigation of the sources and sinks of alluvial gold in the Nokomai catchment, Northern Southland Subject The topic of the resource Metal-ore deposits alluvial gold quartz veins https://theses.otagogeology.org.nz/files/original/35c5424b2d95082cec2fb4aa075e1eac.pdf 77e66397b810b75bfb89329f42accba1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geology theses OU Geology thesis Thesis or dissertation completed by University of Otago Geology students Location WKT (WGS84) The location stored in WKT (WGS84) format POLYGON ((170.707469488000015 -44.042875262999985,170.661739337000085 -44.041957628999967,170.66361784500009 -43.993701930999976,170.75871321000011 -43.901210069999934,170.78547074700009 -43.868234891999975,170.8068837510001 -43.841815228999963,170.811620213000083 -43.835967600999936,170.813480350000077 -43.803462596999964,170.884048153000094 -43.804498864999971,170.883081720000064 -43.840365621999979,170.846375297000122 -43.893117734999976,170.837948797000081 -43.905212861999985,170.76242151100007 -44.013374845999977,170.754083245000061 -44.025288789999934,170.740796612000054 -44.043532439999979,170.737051507000047 -44.043459075999976,170.723171519000061 -44.043186105999951,170.707469488000015 -44.042875262999985)) Author last name Last name of the Author James Project type Is it an MSc, PhD, BSc(Hons) or PGDipSci? MSc Advisers Who supervised/advised this student Craw, D. Koons, P. Abstract The Abstract for this thesis rangeparallel Fox Peak Fault Zone was studied in order to examine the geology, structure, fault rock mineralisation and fluid flow within the area, and to correlate Fox Peak Range deformation with regional Southern Alps tectonics. The Fox Peak Range is composed of Triassic to Jurassic aged weakly to moderately metamorphosed (TZ1 to TZ2b) Torlesse Terrane basement. Cover sediments which unconformably overlie basement in the south of the field area include a transgressive-regressive sequence that was deposited during the submergence of the South Island during the Eocene to Miocene time period. Pliocene aged non-marine greywacke gravels present at the top of the stratigraphic section mark the emergence and uplift of the Southern Alps at this time. Widespread Pleistocene glaciation resulted in a sequence of glacial deposits which occupy much of the Fairlie Basin to the east of the Fox Peak Range. Recent river deposits occur in association with the Opihi and North and South Opuha Rivers. The Fox Peak Fault Zone consists of 'a series of north - south striking faults that may be divided into an upper fault system situated on the flanks of the range, and a lower, range-bounding fault system. The upper faults are recognised chiefly by topographic depressions, and lack kinematic indicators. However, they are interpreted in this study to be old range-bounding faults that were replaced by new (lower) faults during the process of range uplift. The lower fault traces displace basement, Pleistocene glacial terrace surfaces and alluvial fans. The faults range from linear to lobate in character, and accommodate both thrust and dextral strike-slip motion. The ve1tical displacement of dateable surfaces, and the dextral horizontal offset of watercourses in the north of the field area, allows the calculation of time-averaged vertical and horizontal displacement rates of 1-1.5 mm I yr and 2-2.5 mm I yr, respectively. Multiple faulting events in the Cloudy Peaks area are evident by the correlation between increasing displacement and terrace age. Uplift of the Fox Peak Range is estimated to have commenced at 2 Ma. Drainage patterns suggest that the Fox Peak Range developed after the uplift of the Two Thumb Range to the west, probably as a response to the eastward migration of the deformation front resulting from the oblique collision of the Pacific and Australian plates at the Alpine Fault plate boundary. Fault zones within the Fox Peak area consist of carbonate cemented gouge and breccia. Discrete shear planes occurring within the zones preserve slickensides, the orientation of which suggest a range of fault motion from dip-slip to strike-slip. Based on cathodoluminescence studies, authigenic calcite within fault rock was precipitated by several fluids of varying chemistry. The geochemistry of a series of authigenic green and white phyllosilicates occurring within fault rock was analysed. The phyllosilicates are formed by the non-oxidised alteration of muscovite and chlorite. The alteration of the original phyllosilicates, and possibly the precipitation of part of the calcite, is a result of the downward percolation of ground water into the fault zones. Oxygen and carbon stable isotope analysis of fault rock calcite indicates that the calcite was precipitated by a mixture of meteoric I basinal fluids and rock -exchanged fluids. The temperature of the fluid is estimated at 90-150°C. The rock-exchanged fluids, originating at depths of several kilometres, gained access to shallow levels by the vertical permeability accompanying faulting. Basinal fluids and basinal I meteoric mixes enter the fault zone either by downward percolation through the sedimentary pile, or by mobilisation due to basement overthrusting. Variation in fluid isotopic composition within the field area may be due to local variation in overlying sediments and temperature at the calcite precipitation. The Fox Peak Fault Zone may be correlated with other north-south striking, obliquely deforming fault zones (such as the Ostler Fault Zone) that compose the fold-and-thrust belt of the outboard of the Southern Alps orogen. Deformation and fluid flow within the orogen may be predicted by analogue and numerical modelling of the orogen as a three-dimensional critical wedge facilitating considerable fluid circulation. OURArchive handle The handle from the Otago University Research Archive (OURArchive) <a href="http://hdl.handle.net/10523/3026">http://hdl.handle.net/10523/3026</a> OURArchvive access level Abstract Only Department The department where the student is studying primarily. Geology Named locality Named locality describing the field area location. Fox Peak Range Eastern Southern Alps Thesis description Number of pages, maps, CDs, etc. vii, 123 leaves : ill., (some col., one folded), maps ; 30 cm. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1998James Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource James, Zoe Elizabeth, 1974- Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1998 Title A name given to the resource Geology, Quaternary structure, fault rocks and fluid flow, Fox Peak Range, Eastern Southern Alps Subject The topic of the resource Quaternary geology Structural geology fault rocks fluid flow Fox Peak Range Quaternary faults https://theses.otagogeology.org.nz/files/original/1a32281734cad346db4caa6e4a91d6c7.pdf 8563d887ccc5b29185a22dd395c710f6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geology theses OU Geology thesis Thesis or dissertation completed by University of Otago Geology students Location WKT (WGS84) The location stored in WKT (WGS84) format MULTIPOLYGON (((171.241079081856867 -44.668353553546773,171.241279799061545 -44.665598687178118,171.242527880558782 -44.668476172914275,171.241079081856867 -44.668353553546773)),((171.211349849739207 -45.072900026331531,170.43607615895155 -45.031443872159286,170.481537097890339 -44.63707432722839,171.202581881977125 -44.664996027409913,171.201247492774598 -44.664975012289034,171.241079081856867 -44.668353553546773,171.211349849739207 -45.072900026331531))) Author last name Last name of the Author Ichishima Project type Is it an MSc, PhD, BSc(Hons) or PGDipSci? PhD Advisers Who supervised/advised this student Fordyce, R.E. Abstract The Abstract for this thesis Oligocene is a critical period in the early history of mysticetes (Cetacea: Mysticeti), but details of evolutionary pattern and process are known poorly. Fossil mysticetes from Zealand are an important source of information; five specimens from latest Oligocene to '.c.ru.u"'"' Miocene strata are described here (Chapter VII). These fossils are not the oldest records mysticetes from New Zealand nor in the southern hemisphere, but they do provide some information on the morphological and taxonomic diversity of early mysticetes. Two of fossils represent a new genus, Pakehocetus, which contains P. hakataramea n. sp. Another two representMauicetus (sensu stricto), species not determinable. The fifth specimen is a · young and thus indeterminable archaic baleen whale. All are from the Kokoamu Greensand or · Otekaike Limestone of the ?upper Whaingaroan-Duntroonian-Waitakian Stages (roughly later · Oligocene to earliest Miocene; -30 Ma to -23 Ma) of the Waitaki V alley region of North Otago and South Canterbury. Sediment character indicates a depositional setting of mid-outer shelf · mostly below the storm wave base (Chapter Ill). Many aspects of the biology of recent mysticetes are not fully understood. However, by : considering features of recent and extinct species through comparative and functional .· morphology, some tantalising insights may be gained into evolutionary change of some structures in mysticetes (Chapter IV). Contrary to the predictions of recent molecular studies, there is no evidence of morphological similarity between mysticetes and sperm whales (Physeteridae) (Chapter V). The classification of those fossil mysticetes called "cetotheres" (the family Cetotheriidae) is a persistent problem which must be addressed. In previous literature, the genus Mauicetus (which is close to Pakehocetus of this work) has been identified as one of the most primitive and oldest "cetotheres". Cladistically, however, Pakehocetus andMauicetus are grouped as sister taxa, and Cetotherium, which is the type genus of the family Cetotheriidae, can be put apart from those New Zealand specimens (Chapter VIII). This reinforces suggestions that Cetotheriidae is a nonmonophyletic group. The concept (diagnosis) of Cetotheriidae should be rethought, using Cetotherium as a core-group of the family (Chapter VI). In the five study specimens the skull has (or is inferred to have had) a relatively flat and toothless rostrum, a fairly anteriorly-lying nostril, a gradually rather than abruptly depressed frontal, a relatively long sagittal crest on the mid-dorsal line, a triangular supraoccipital, a canal formed by the squamosal and periotic (probably associated with the cranial vascular system), a primitive double posterior pedicle of the bulla, and a relatively large mandibular foramen. - These features are probably primitive, but in the periotic, the anteriorly-directed internal acoustic . ·-,,•, ' . I ;\ ,· ,' meatus of the study specimens is peculiar and probably' derived. ·This feature could unite all the specimens described here as a clade of as-yet unresolved rank. Other features of note in some specimens are as follows: the nasal is proportionately long; minor palatal foramina are present; the cervical vertebrae are compressed anteroposteriorly' but are unfused; and the humems is IV long relative to the radius or ulna. Some functional interpretations are possible. The skull architecture of Pakehocetus best fits the feeding model of "swallower" as seen in living rorquals. There is no evidence of feeding styles ("skimmer", "plower") seen respectively in modern right whales and gray whales. Using the seam-like structure of the bulla as a bench mark of the presumed ventral limit of the air sinus system of the cranium, the process of bullar rotation is demonstrated clearly. The New Zealand fossils are interpreted as intermediate, in terms of the degree of the bullar rotation, between archaeocetes or Late Oligocene' archaic mysticetes and modern forms (Chapter VII). Three clusters ( Caperea-Eubalaena, Pakehocetus-Mauicetus, and CetotheriumBalaenoptera- Eschrichtius) are cladistically recognised within mysticetes. However, incompleteness of specimens and/or a morphological gap between living and extinct species and also between living species prevents firm conclusions about their phylogenetic interrelationships (Chapter VIII). Department The department where the student is studying primarily. Geology Named locality Named locality describing the field area location. Otago Canterbury Thesis description Number of pages, maps, CDs, etc. xvii, 352 p., [20] leaves of plates : ill. (some col.), maps ; 30 cm. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1998Ichishima Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ichishima, Hiroto, 1965- Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1998 Title A name given to the resource Systematics of the latest Oligocene to the earliest Miocene mysticeti from New Zealand Subject The topic of the resource Paleontology Canterbury Kokarmu Greensand Mammalia Otago Otekaiki Limestone Systematics https://theses.otagogeology.org.nz/files/original/d5c91f2598dd0f529358bee61eac865e.pdf 0178f607db5775a003a70de44536c247 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geology theses OU Geology thesis Thesis or dissertation completed by University of Otago Geology students Location WKT (WGS84) The location stored in WKT (WGS84) format POLYGON ((168.013280063000025 -45.881337293999934,168.006517751000047 -45.881067598999948,167.979494464000027 -45.879990452999948,167.962169725000081 -45.879296971999963,167.962534597000058 -45.876216049999982,167.963242821000108 -45.870260618999964,167.950120337000044 -45.869362511999952,167.951299687000073 -45.857423431999962,167.951860981000095 -45.851718603999984,168.00890692400003 -45.853787619999935,168.042340871000079 -45.854989868999951,168.065976169000123 -45.874398231999976,168.06596378200004 -45.874541937999936,168.065156506000108 -45.88338241799994,168.013804080000114 -45.881359572999941,168.013280063000025 -45.881337293999934)) Author last name Last name of the Author Gass Project type Is it an MSc, PhD, BSc(Hons) or PGDipSci? BSc(Hons) Advisers Who supervised/advised this student Landis, C.A. Abstract The Abstract for this thesis The area mapped (18km2 ), crosses the boundary between the Brook Street terrane of Permian - Early Jurassic age and the Murihiku terrane of Triassic, north of Ohai in western Southland. This study focused on the lithology and lithostratigraphy of the Murihiku terrane, especially along newly cut forestry roads. The Murihiku rocks range from varieties of siltstone and silty arkosic sandstones to coarse grained tuffaceous lithic sandstones, from minor to more extensive lens-shaped conglomerates and breccias. Distinct lithologies have been recognised and new formations both formal and informal are proposed. Approximately 1800 m of Murihiku strata are exposed in this study area. A distinctive unit mapped previously as the Ardross Member, is elevated to formation status in this study. The Ardross Formation is Etalian in age, and is situated stratigraphically above thesiltstones of the Red Bog Formation in the North Etal Group. The Ardross Formation is an ammonite-bearing mudclast, tuffaceous conglomerate, 2- 3 m thick and readily recognisable in the field. Ammonites are mainly Amphipopanoceras fraseri, with less common Leiophyllites marshalli. At least three different periods of deposition can .be recognised in this formation: CLl the encasement of the ammonites within a tuffaceous mud, c2.J the deposition elsewhere in the basin of feldspathic crystal tuff and tuffaceous siltstone. These are proposed to have formed the Ardross Formation as a result of c3.J debris flow redeposition, widespread along the basin margin, during a period in the Etalian. - A fossiliferous conglomerate, 5-l 0 m thick and with a lateral extent of at least a kilometre, is Kaihikuan in age and contains minor granitoid and schist clasts. This conglomerate is proposed to be the marker bed for the base of the Taringatura Group. The presence of the granitoid and schist clasts is-significant, as they indicate input of sediment from a continental interior during the Kaihikuan. A distinctive suite of coarse lithic sandstones and conglomerates has been informally grouped as the Mad River Road Formatio~ (MRR Formation). Alternating beds within the suite are interpreted to represent turbidite sequences, one of which is called the Flaggy Facies. A portion of this facies shows soft sediment slumping characteristic of sediment close to a slope margin. This facies and overlying conglomerates and sandstones are interpreted to represent deposits within a submarine fan system. Conglomerates of the MRR Formation commonly contain conspicuous highly weathered andesitic clasts, provisionally identified as the Park Volcanics Group which outcrops elsewhere within the MRR Formation as a cluster of andesite volcanics, either extrusive or intrusive. The range of rock types and facies associations of the Murihiku terrane is interpreted to represent various depositional settings within a volcanic arc-related basin, mostly recognised as submarine fan accumulations, which were fed material via turbidity and - debris flows channellised in canyons. The Murihiku basin has been interpreted from macrofossils and paleomagnetic analysis to have been located at a low-latitude (66°S) during the Triassic. These sediments were shuffled along the margin of Gondwana to be in proximity with the Brook Street terrane, allowing for their docking by the Late Cretaceous. Department The department where the student is studying primarily. Geology Named locality Named locality describing the field area location. Wairaki Hills Thesis description Number of pages, maps, CDs, etc. iii, 93 p. : ill. (some col.), maps ; 30 cm. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1998Gass Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gass, Sarah (Sarah Maree), 1976- Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1998 Title A name given to the resource Murihiku lithology and lithostratigraphy across Beaumont and Ardcross stations, southern Wairaki Hills Subject The topic of the resource Lithostratigraphy Mesozoic geology Beaumont Etalion Murihiku Supergroup